This study aimed to investigate cross-lagged associations of leaping skill and throwing–catching skills with objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) during school transition from upper primary (Grade 6) to lower secondary school (Grade 7).
Design
This study is a one-year prospective follow-up study within Finnish school settings. Students’ MVPA, ST, leaping skill and throwing–catching skills were measured at Grade 6 and subsequently at Grade 7.
Methods
A sample of 336 students (163 girls, 173 boys; M age = 12.0 years, SD = 0.4 at Grade 6 participated in the study. Students’ MVPA and ST were measured objectively by hip-worn accelerometers. Leaping skill was measured by 5-leaps test. Throwing and catching skills were measured by throwing–catching combination test. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling was conducted to evaluate the associations between MVPA, ST, leaping skill, and throwing–catching skills at Grade 6 and Grade 7.
Results
Results demonstrated three significant cross-lagged associations among girls: (1) leaping skill measured at Grade 6 was negatively associated with ST at Grade 7; (2) objectively measured MVPA at Grade 6 associated positively with leaping skill at Grade 7; and (3) throwing–catching skills measured at Grade 6 associated positively with leaping skill measured at Grade 7. There were no statistically significant cross-lagged associations between the study variables for the sample of boys.
Conclusions
The results of this study indicated that supporting opportunities for girls’ engagement in both MVPA and leaping skill development activities during their primary school education is strongly recommended. 相似文献
Background: Previous studies have distilled the Upright Motor Control Test Knee Extension and Knee Flexion subscales (UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF, respectively) from the original 6-item instrument and examined these as stand-alone rapid tests of voluntary movement control in the standing position. Systematic review evidence suggests that the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF may have value in predicting walking ability after stroke.
Objective: To examine the interrater and intrarater reliability, and concurrent validity of the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF, and associations with walking ability in adults with subacute stroke.
Methods: A prospective repeated assessments design was implemented in a rehabilitation department in a public teaching hospital. A consecutive sample of patients with subacute first-time stroke (N = 50; mean age = 51 ± 12 years; 20 females; mean time post-stroke = 68 ± 48 days) completed the study. Three physical therapists independently administered the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF on two testing occasions 2 days apart (t1 and t2). On t2, a fourth rater administered the Leg subscale of the Motricity Index (MI-Leg) as criterion standard.
Results: The UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF demonstrated substantial to almost perfect interrater and intrarater reliability (W = 0.77–0.95), with lower limits of 95% confidence intervals extending to no lower than the substantial level. Both the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF showed high correlations with the MI-Leg (ρ = 0.747–0.775) and significant associations with walking ability. p Values for all tests were <0.001.
Conclusions: The UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF are reliable and valid tests for rapidly estimating voluntary movement control of the lower limbs in adults with subacute stroke. 相似文献
Context: We sought to describe our experience with the Hybrid Assistive Limb® (HAL®) for active knee extension and voluntary ambulation with remaining muscle activity in a patient with complete paraplegia after spinal cord injury.
Findings: A 30-year-old man with complete paraplegia used the HAL® for 1 month (10 sessions) using his remaining muscle activity, including hip flexor and upper limb activity. Electromyography was used to evaluate muscle activity of the gluteus maximus, tensor fascia lata, quadriceps femoris, and hamstring muscles in synchronization with the Vicon motion capture system. A HAL® session included a knee extension session with the hip flexor and voluntary gait with upper limb activity. After using the HAL® for one month, the patient’s manual muscle hip flexor scores improved from 1/5 to 2/5 for the right and from 2/5 to 3/5 for the left knee, and from 0/5 to 1/5 for the extension of both knees.
Conclusion/clinical relevance: Knee extension sessions with HAL®, and hip flexor and upper-limb-triggered HAL® ambulation seem a safe and feasible option in a patient with complete paraplegia due to spinal cord injury. 相似文献
A free clinic in rural New England recently implemented an exercise prescribing program. As a follow-up, a pilot survey questionnaire was sent by mail to a sample of 206 patients to assess their preferences for support of physical activity efforts. A total of 57 surveys were returned for a response rate of 28%. Patients preferred low-impact, low-cost, and low-intensity physical activity. Survey respondents identified no clear preference for group activity versus individual activity. Key findings included patient preferences for the use of low-fidelity education materials, a fitness advisor, and peer support to encourage physical activity. 相似文献
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) hold great promise in food, industrial and biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, influences of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), a likely route for Au NPs administration, on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs has been rarely evaluated. Here, we investigated the influence of GIT fluids on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs (5, 50, and 100?nm) and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability in vitro. Au NPs aggregated in fasted gastric fluids and generated hydroxyl radicals in the presence of H2O2. Cell studies showed that GIT fluids incubation of Au NPs affected the cellular uptake of Au NPs but did not induce cytotoxicity or disturb the intestinal epithelial permeability. 相似文献
PurposeExercise may be an alternative strategy to helping early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) patients manage their cancer-related fatigue and anxiety during radiation therapy. This observational study aims to investigate the impact of self-reported exercise on fatigue and anxiety levels pre (T0), mid (T1), and post (T2) radiation therapy in patients with ESBC.MethodsFollowing informed consent, subjects completed three standardized questionnaires measuring physical activity, fatigue/quality of life, and anxiety at T0, T1, and T2.ResultsA total of 58 female patients (57 ± 9 years) completed this study. Mean activity level at T0 was 2548 (3292) metabolic equivalent units (METs), T1 was 3072 (3974) METs, and T2 was 2963 (2442) METs. There was no significant change between the three time points with measures of physical activity. Many patients moved from the moderately active group at T0 to the active group at T1. The mean T0 score using the quality of life questionnaire was 38.97 (11.30), T1 was 36.93 (11.69), and T2 was 35.36 (11.18). There was no significant change between the three time points with measures of quality of life (P = .211). There was statistical significance at P = .025 at T1 for lower quality of life compared to T0 across all exercise types. There was also statistical significance at P = .026 at T1 for the active group with higher quality of life compared to the inactive one. All three physical activity categories showed a decline in quality of life scores over time. Anxiety decreased between the three time point measurements. Mean T0 score for anxiety was 47.33 (5.95), T1 was 43.16 (6.49), and T2 was 38.48 (8.46). The interaction of exercise level and time is not significant for anxiety (P = .91). There was statistical significance (P = .015) for anxiety at T2 compared to T1 across exercise types.DiscussionThis study demonstrated that ESBC patients showed signs of fatigue and anxiety while undergoing radiation therapy regardless of self-reported exercise measured by a physical activity questionnaire. Several trends were observed that showed improved outcomes for patients consistent with previously published studies. The present study highlights a nonsignificant change in fatigue. As fatigue is one of the main side effects from radiation, it may be difficult to demonstrate significance. There are some studies in the field that demonstrate significance between fatigue and exercise with larger sample sizes. The results also highlight a decrease in anxiety from the baseline to the end of treatment. It is postulated that patients become less anxious as treatment progresses due to familiarity of a routine. The present study is limited by several factors including sample size and the study not being a randomized controlled one.ConclusionsExercise may reduce anxiety during radiation treatment for ESBC patients. Further investigation is required to assess the impact of fatigue. 相似文献